Secretary-General Antonio Guterres voiced alarm at the sharp increase in violations.
"The number of children killed and maimed in Yemen remains unacceptably high, and those numbers have remained high in the first quarter of 2018, as does the number of children recruited and used by armed forces and groups," he said.
"In 2017, there is a large increase in the number of violations" as compared to 2016, he added, referring to "at least 6,000 verified violations attributed to government forces and more than 15,000 to non-state armed groups."
In the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Bana Mura militia"committed rape, sexual abuse and kidnapping," while the Kamuina Nsapu militia "recruited and used children on a large scale, attacked schools and hospitals and kidnappings," a UN report says.
Mali's pro-government Platform militia were listed for "recruiting and using children," as were Yemen's Security Belt Forces.
The document lists some 15 countries in which violations of children's rights have been found.
Among them, Burma is named for military operations against the Rohingya Muslim minority.
"Verified cases of recruitment and use of children quadrupled in the Central African Republic and doubled in the Democratic Republic of Congo compared to 2016," the report says.
With the transformation of the FARC into a political party in Colombia, the group was removed from the list.
The Islamic State group in the Middle East and Boko Haram in Africa "continue to recruit and use children on a large scale, freeing themselves from the borders," the UN document says.
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