Everything you need to know when travelling from Lagos to Ghana by road

So, you’re thinking of travelling from Lagos to Ghana by road? Maybe you’re planning a vacation, visiting family, or just want to experience something different. 

Road trips can be fun and adventurous, especially when you’re passing through different countries. But before you grab your bags and book a bus seat, here’s everything you need to know to enjoy a road trip of your lifetime!

Understanding the route 

Most travellers follow this general path:

• Nigeria to Benin Republic (via Seme Border or Idiroko Border)

• Benin Republic to Togo

• Togo to Ghana (typically entering through the Aflao border)

The total travel time can range from 12 hours for the fastest trips to 24 hours or more when accounting for delays at borders, checkpoints, and rest stops. The actual duration depends on several factors, including your mode of transportation, time of departure, and how efficiently you navigate the border formalities.

Choosing your departure point

While Lagos is the most common starting point due to its proximity to the Benin border, you can begin your journey from several major Nigerian cities:

• From Lagos: The most popular route via Seme Border (about 100km from Lagos)

• From Abuja: Longer journey (adds about 600km) through Lokoja and Benin City

• From Port Harcourt: Eastern route through Uyo and Calabar

• From Kano: Northern route through Sokoto (least common and longest)

Each departure point affects your total travel time and border crossing experience. For this guide, we'll focus on the most common routes from southern Nigeria.

Transportation options

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Option 1: Commercial buses 

Several reputable transport companies operate direct bus services from major Nigerian cities to Accra and other Ghanaian destinations:

Popular bus companies:

• ABC Transport

• Chisco Transport

• The Young Shall Grow Motors

• GUO Transport

• GIG Mobility

What to expect:

• Air-conditioned buses with reclining seats

• Toilet facilities are available on some premium buses

• Scheduled stops for meals and restroom breaks

• Ticket prices ranging from ₦40,000 to ₦90,000 one-way

Advantages:

• The bus company handles most border formalities

• No need to worry about directions or navigation

• Generally safer than private vehicles

Disadvantages:

• Fixed schedules with limited flexibility

• Potential delays if other passengers have document issues

• Less comfort than travelling in a private vehicle

Option 2: Private vehicle 

For those who prefer more control over their journey, driving your own vehicle or hiring a private driver is an alternative:

Requirements for private vehicles:

• Valid driver's license (international license recommended)

• Original vehicle papers and insurance

• ECOWAS Brown Card (international insurance)

• Temporary import permit for some countries

While this option offers more flexibility with timing and stops, it comes with significant challenges: you're responsible for all border paperwork, may face potential language barriers at checkpoints, and must navigate unfamiliar roads and traffic laws. Additionally, higher costs for fuel and potential vehicle issues could add further complications to your journey.

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The border crossing process

This is where most travellers experience the greatest stress. You'll pass through three international borders:

1. Nigeria exit 

This involves passing through immigration and customs checkpoints. Officials will verify your travel documents and may inspect your vehicle if you're driving out of the country. Be prepared for possible delays, as some officers may request "informal payments" to expedite the process.

Documents Required:

• Valid international passport

• Yellow fever vaccination certificate

• COVID-19 vaccination card (sometimes checked)

2. Benin Republic entry

While entering Benin Republic is relatively straightforward for Nigerians, it requires some preparation. A visa is needed but can be obtained on arrival, though processing times and costs can vary. Be cautious of unofficial fees and ensure your documents are in order to avoid unnecessary delays.

Key Information:

• Nigerians need a visa (available on arrival)

• Cost: CFA 10,000-15,000 (₦27,359-₦41,038.65)

• Processing can take 30 minutes to 2 hours

3. Benin to Togo transition

Moving from Benin to Togo is generally smooth, especially if you're just transiting. However, procedures can vary depending on your mode of transport. Buses often have prearranged processes to minimise delays, while private vehicles may undergo additional checks.

Important notes:

• Visa requirement: If only transiting, you may not need a Togo visa (confirm based on your nationality and travel duration).

• Buses vs. private vehicles: Commercial buses sometimes have expedited arrangements, while private vehicles may face more scrutiny.

• Border formalities: Keep documents ready for quick inspection to avoid unnecessary stops.

This transition is usually quick if you’re prepared, allowing you to continue toward Ghana without major delays.

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4. Togo to Ghana entry (Aflao border)

Entering Ghana from Togo via the Aflao border is straightforward for ECOWAS travellers, but the process can be hectic due to heavy traffic and occasional congestion. Having the right documents and staying alert will help streamline your entry.

Requirements:

• ECOWAS passport: Allows visa-free entry for Nigerians and other ECOWAS citizens.

• Yellow fever card: Mandatory—ensure it’s up-to-date and easily accessible.

• Proof of accommodation: Sometimes requested. Hotel booking or the host’s contact may suffice.

Pro tip:

The Aflao border can be chaotic, especially during peak hours. If travelling by bus, stay with your group and follow instructions from transport staff to avoid confusion. Private travellers should remain patient and prepared for possible document checks.

Once cleared, you’re officially in Ghana and ready to explore or continue your journey!

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Essential travel documents 

Having the right documents can mean the difference between a smooth journey and being stranded at a border:

1. Passport: Must be valid for at least 6 months

2. Yellow Fever Card: Original copy (photocopies often rejected)

3. COVID-19 documents: Vaccination card or test results if required

4. Vehicle papers: For private vehicles (registration, insurance)

5. ECOWAS travel certificate: Alternative to passport for some travellers

6. Proof of accommodation: Hotel booking or host's address in Ghana

Handling currency across borders

You'll need to manage multiple currencies on this trip:

• Nigeria: Nigerian Naira 

• Benin & Togo: CFA Franc (XOF)

• Ghana: Ghana Cedi (GHS)

Smart money tips:

Managing your money wisely can save you time, stress, and unnecessary costs during your trip. Here’s how to stay financially prepared:

• Exchange some CFA francs before reaching Benin border

• Get Ghana cedis at the Aflao border for better rates

• Carry small bills for "facilitation fees" at checkpoints

• Notify your bank of your travel plans to prevent international transaction blocks on your cards.

Safety considerations for road travel

While this route is generally safe, border zones and long-distance travel require extra caution. Stay alert to ensure a smooth and secure journey.

Here are some security tips:

• Avoid night travel, especially in border areas

• Keep valuables hidden and documents secure

• Be cautious of "helpers" at borders offering assistance. Politely decline their unsolicited assistance to avoid scams or inflated fees.

• Stay with your transport group at all times

Health precautions:

• Malaria prophylaxis: Take prescribed antimalarials, especially when travelling through humid regions.

• Basic medications: Pack anti-diarrheal meds, pain relievers, and any personal prescriptions.

• Stay hydrated: Drink bottled or purified water and avoid ice in drinks to prevent stomach issues.

Is the road trip worth it?

Despite the paperwork, occasional delays, and unpredictable border encounters, traveling from Nigeria to Ghana by road can be a rewarding travel experience. 

Unlike flying, which skips the in-between moments, this overland adventure lets you witness the gradual shifts in language, cuisine, and daily life across borders, from Benin’s busy markets to Togo’s coastal scenes and Ghana’s welcoming energy. There are unforgettable stories to share.

With proper preparation, realistic expectations, and this guide in hand, your Nigeria-to-Ghana road trip can be an adventure you'll remember fondly for years to come.

The road to Ghana is long, but the memories? They’re worth every mile.

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