Instead, Chicago blooded Carlos Villanueva on the mound, and the Nats took him for four runs in less than three innings.
The Nationals accrued 19 hits - Ryan Zimmerman with four, Jayson Werth and Anthony Rendon getting three each - on their way to a sixth win in their past seven.
Washington remains one-and-a-half games behind the National League's East division-leading Atlanta Braves, who made it nine wins in succession with a 10-4 trouncing of the Arizona Diamondbacks.
The Braves conceded three runs at the top of the first inning, but bounced back largely thanks to a five-run fourth with Andrelton Simmons batting in four runs.
Also in the NL East, the Miami Marlins earned a 6-5 win over the St Louis Cardinals courtesy of two ninth inning runs, while the Philadelphia Phillies fell to a 3-2 loss to the Pittsburgh Pirates and the New York Mets were humbled 5-3 by the Texas Rangers.
NL Central pace-setters the Milwaukee Brewers were 1-0 winners over the Cincinnati Reds, improving their buffer at the top to five games on the Cardinals.
A five-run seventh inning could not spare the Los Angeles Dodgers from an 8-7 defeat to the Colorado Rockies in their all-NL West clash.
The Dodgers remain half-a-game clear top of the standings, although the San Francisco Giants closed the gap with a 5-3 victory over the San Diego Padres after 10 innings.
In the American League, Central leaders the Detroit Tigers were felled 7-2 by the Tampa Bay Rays.
The Kansas City Royals remain four games behind the Tigers after a 7-3 loss to the Cleveland Indians, who are seven games off the pace.
The Seattle Mariners won a 14-inning thriller over the Chicago White Sox 3-2, while the Minnesota Twins walked off against the New York Yankees 2-1 after 11 innings.
The Boston Red Sox and Baltimore Orioles split their double-header, with the Red Sox walking off in game one 3-2 before the Orioles retaliated with a 7-4 triumph.
The Orioles are one game clear of the Toronto Blue Jays in the AL's East, after the Canadian outfit were humbled 5-1 by AL West leaders the Oakland Athletics.
The Blue Jays endured a horror day, with star first baseman Edwin Encarnacion incurring a right quad strain in what could prove to be a major blow for their post-season hopes.
The Los Angeles Angels are three-and-a-half games behind Oakland, after beating the Houston Astros 11-5 for their third straight victory.