The little something that makes New Year cake

Even in these play-safe times, when you might think parents would be reluctant to expose their child to a choking risk, the post-Christmas Twelfth Night tradition of sharing a "Galette des Rois" (Pancake of the Kings) shows no signs of flagging.

More than 30 million cakes will be devoured in France in January, and millions more in neighbouring Switzerland, Belgium and Luxembourg, usually washed down with a bottle of fizzy cider.

Whoever comes upon the "feve" -- a token or figurine hidden in the frangipane filling -- is proclaimed the king or queen of the feast, and crowned with a cardboard diadem that comes with each cake.

The lucky monarch is supposed to be blessed with good luck for the New Year, but a recent survey found most French people cheat to make sure a child gets the honour.

But by the late 19th-century the beans were replaced by porcelain figurines, some of which have become highly collectable.

To the horror of purists, more and more plastic charms are being used for the celebration, which traditionally marked the Christian feast of the Epiphany on January 6, when the three Magi were supposed to have visited the Christ child.

But in a small village in the Vosges region of Lorraine in eastern France two middle-aged sisters are doggedly holding out against the tsunami of plastic knick-knacks.

Christel and Muriel Nex are among the very last to make the "feves" by hand.

Tiny treasures

The pair turn out between 40,000 and 50,000 charms a year between them, with Christel telling AFP that "no two are ever exactly the same".

"We don't have any machines, and we want to keep up the quality, so we can't increase our production any more than that," the 51-year-old added.

Each clay "feve" takes several days to make from the moulding and sculpting to the painting and final firing.

In the past these tiny treasures were often passed down through families to be baked into the cake each year.

These days, however, the galettes are rarely homemade.

The sisters took over from their parents in 2005 supplying bakeries across the country with a range of traditional and child-orientated figurines, many carrying company logos.

They range from little animals to the baby Jesus and a Kama Sutra collection for the more daring.

With collectors always on the lookout for rareties, they introduce new designs every year.

Twelfth Night traditions

The custom of hiding trinkets or coins in Twelfth Night cakes is not confined to France.

Similar traditions exist across Europe from the ringed Spanish "roscon de reyes", to the Portuguese "bolo rei" and the Provencal "gateau des Rois" eaten in the South of France.

These brioche-style cakes decorated with dried fruit were clearly the inspiration for the "king cakes" of the American Deep South and the Latin American "rosca de reyes".

Historian Nadine Cretin believes the practice dates back to the Roman mid-winter Saturnalian feasts when a "king was elected by the throwing of dice to preside over domestic banquets".

Parallel customs exist across Eastern Europe and the Balkans with the Greeks ushering in the New Year with the "vassilopita" (or king pie) which often contained a gold sovereign.

However, the tradition can leave a bitter taste in the mouth in Spain, where the feast of the three kings is still bigger than Christmas.

If you are unlucky enough to get the "feve" there you are supposed to pay for the cake, while the king or queen is the person who finds the accompanying trinket.

In Ireland the Epiphany was known as "Women's Christmas" and is remembered more for its gastronomic horrors rather its treats, with men left at home to cook while women went to the pub.