Here are all the companies and divisions under Google's parent company, Alphabet, which just had a major shake-up at the top (GOOG, GOOGL)

It's been four years since Google blew up its entire corporate structure to form a new parent company: Alphabet.

The shake-up was intended to help all of its businesses operate more efficiently, a move former CEO Larry Page was working on for years as a secret project he called "Javelin."

This move also allowed Page to step back from day-to-day operations to "focus on the bigger picture."

Now, Alphabet is a massive corporation that encompasses everything from internet-beaming hot air balloons to self-driving cars to Google Cloud. As of Tuesday, Sundar Pichai is CEO of Google and Alphabet, although cofounders Larry Page and Sergey Brin will remain board members and hold controlling shares.

Here are all the companies and divisions within Google's parent company, Alphabet:

Google officially became Alphabet in October 2015, with the hope of allowing business units to operate independently and move faster. Google cofounder Larry Page was named the CEO of the umbrella company, Alphabet.

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Alphabet is divided into two main units: Google and Other Bets. Other Bets is best known for its "moonshot" R&D unit, X, but it also houses several other companies. Lets start with the smaller companies under Other Bets.

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Flickr/MTSOfan

Alphabets Access division includes Google Fiber, which launched in Kansas City in 2012 and expanded to over 15 cities. Fiber offers extremely fast high-speed internet, TV, and phone service. Its billed as an alternative to traditional cable companies.

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Google

Source: Business Insider

But Alphabet has scaled back its bet on Fiber, halting expansion to new markets and eliminating hundreds of jobs. According to reports, its due to "decreased interest from the founders." In February, Fiber left Louisville, Kentucky.

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David Goldman / AP

Source: Business Insider , CNBC, Fiber

Verily focuses on healthcare and disease prevention research. One of its first projects was smart contact lenses that can monitor a wearers glucose levels, which has since been put on hold. Now, its focusing on identifying diseases and improving user experience for patients.

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Shutterstock

Source: Verily , Bloomberg

Sidewalk Labs is an Alphabet company founded in 2015 to focus on urban innovation. Led by Dan Doctoroff, Sidewalk Labs aims to find new ways to improve cities through technology. The company is located in New York Citys Hudson Yards redevelopment, and is also designing a neighborhood along Torontos waterfront.

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Appleton/Mayoral Photography Office

Source: Business Insider , Hudson Yards

Calico launched in 2013 with an ambitious goal: "cure death." The Alphabet-owned company has invested millions to develop drugs that could help prolong human life by fighting age-related diseases like cancer or Alzheimers, and it has been collaborating with MITs Broad Institute to study aging.

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REUTERS/ Christian Hartmann

Source: Business Insider

GV is Alphabets early-stage venture arm. Formerly known as Google Ventures, GV has more than $4.5 billion under management and has invested in more than 400 companies, including Uber, Lime, and Slack.

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Business Insider/Corey Protin

Source: Business Insider

Google Capital now known as CapitalG is Alphabets growth equity investment fund. Its mission is purely financial returns, but unlike GV, CapitalG focuses on later-stage startups. Some of its investments include Airbnb, Glassdoor, and Thumbtack.

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Thomson Reuters

Source: Business Insider

The "think tank" division within Alphabet was spun off into a company called Jigsaw early in 2016. Led by Jared Cohen, Jigsaw uses technology to try to tackle geopolitical problems like online censorship, extremism, and harassment.

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Dave Kotinsky/Getty Images

Source: Business Insider

DeepMind focuses on artificial intelligence research. Acquired in 2014 for $500 million, DeepMind has focused on adding artificial intelligence throughout Google products, including search. The DeepMind AI can also teach itself how to play arcade games and can play board games against humans.

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Google DeepMind

Source: Business Insider

X is a secretive R&D lab, nicknamed Alphabets moonshot factory. Its led by Astro Teller.

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Flickr/Techcrunch

X has a long list wide-ranging projects, from its Everyday Robot Project to smart glasses to salt-based energy storage.

Some X projects have become full-fledged companies. Project Loon, a former X "moonshot" that is now an independent business, has a mission to bring web access to two-thirds of the worlds population using internet-beaming hot air balloons.

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Screenshot

Source: Business Insider , Business Insider

Waymo, Alphabets self-driving car project, has labored for more than a decade to develop fully autonomous vehicles. While it began as a part of X, the self-driving car unit spun out into its own business in December 2016. Waymo partnered with Lyft on a self-driving ride service in the Phoenix area.

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Reuters

Source: Bloomberg , The Verge

Project Wing is also a company that originated inside X. The commercial drone delivery service made headlines in September 2016 when it flew Chipotle burritos to Virginia Tech students. Wing has had trouble though, such as accusations of harsh working conditions. The projects leader, Dave Vos, left the company in October 2016.

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Google

Source: Business Insider , Business Insider

Titan Aerospace was acquired by Google in 2014 and renamed Project Titan as part of X. Project Titan was charged with building solar-powered drones designed to fly nonstop for years and beam internet around the world. But the project was shuttered altogether in late 2016 with the remnants of it lumped in with Project Wing.

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Titan Aerospace

Source: Business Insider , Business Insider , 9to5Google

Makani, which develops airborne wind turbines, spun out from X in early 2019. It runs a test site in Hawaii.

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Google Plus/ Makani

Source: Financial Times

Up next: Google itself.

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Justin Sullivan/Getty Images

All of Alphabets "traditional" products like Chrome, the Pixel phone, Google Home, and Google Play are still housed under Google, which is run by CEO Sundar Pichai.

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Reuters/Beck Diefenbach

Nest Labs built smart doorbells, thermostats, and other home devices, like outdoor security cameras. The company was acquired by what is now Alphabet in 2014, and in June 2016, CEO Tony Fadell stepped down. He was replaced by Marwan Fawaz. In February 2018, it was announced Nest would be folded back into Googles hardware unit.

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George Frey/Getty Images

Source: Business Insider

Googles hardware division was formed in 2016 when Google hired former Motorola president Rick Osterloh. Osterloh was put in charge of Pixel phones, Google Home, Chromebooks, and revamping Google Glass. Google Nest also falls under his purview now. Osterloh reports directly to Pichai.

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REUTERS/Lucas Jackson

Source: Business Insider

ATAP, which stands for Advanced Technology and Projects, is a secretive Google division that works on projects like Jacquard, which makes smart fabric; Soli, which uses radar for touchless gesture control; and Spotlight Stories, which creates short VR films. ATAP now falls under Osterlohs hardware division.

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Matt Weinberger

Source: Business Insider

Google Cloud is Googles cloud-computing platform that competes with Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure. The division is a major source of investment for Google right now. Diane Greene ran Google Cloud from 2015 to 2018 she was replaced by former Oracle exec Thomas Kurian.

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Getty

Source: Business Insider, Business Insider

Google Cloud houses G Suite, which includes Hangouts Meet, Calendar, Mail, Plus, Cloud Search, and Drive. According to Google, millions of businesses are now using the service.

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Google

Source: Google

Chronicle is a former X project that became a standalone Alphabet business. Its plan was to machine learning to help security teams prevent threats, but in June, it was folded into Google Cloud.

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Chronicle

Source: Chronicle

YouTube was acquired in 2006 and remains a subsidiary of Google. The video-hosting site, run by Susan Wojcicki, has emerged as the worlds No. 1 video-sharing site and the No. 2 most-visited site on the web. Analysts estimate that YouTube generates enormous revenue, but Alphabet has yet to reveal the services financial performance.

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FilmMagic for YouTube

Source: CNBC

Googles core product, web search, remains under the Google umbrella.

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Shutterstock/Business Insider

Google Maps is part of Googles core business and by 2016, had more than 1 billion monthly users.

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Google Maps

Source: Business Insider

Google AdSense lets publishers earn money from online content, placing ads on publishers webpages. Advertising drives the majority of revenue for Google.

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Google

And finally, theres Android: Googles mobile operating system. The company frequently rolls out new versions, which used to be named after different desserts, including KitKat, Lollipop, and Marshmallow. In 2019, Google rebranded Android 10, dropping the sugary names, and adding a new logo and color scheme. Apps, movies, music, and books for Android devices can be downloaded from Googles Play Store.

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JOHANNES EISELE/AFP via Getty Images

Source: Digital Trends

Here are all the companies and divisions under Google's parent company, Alphabet, which just had a major shake-up at the top (GOOG, GOOGL)

Google officially became Alphabet in October 2015, with the hope of allowing business units to operate independently and move faster. Google cofounder Larry Page was named the CEO of the umbrella company, Alphabet.

Alphabet is divided into two main units: Google and Other Bets. Other Bets is best known for its "moonshot" R&D unit, X, but it also houses several other companies. Lets start with the smaller companies under Other Bets.

Alphabets Access division includes Google Fiber, which launched in Kansas City in 2012 and expanded to over 15 cities. Fiber offers extremely fast high-speed internet, TV, and phone service. Its billed as an alternative to traditional cable companies.

But Alphabet has scaled back its bet on Fiber, halting expansion to new markets and eliminating hundreds of jobs. According to reports, its due to "decreased interest from the founders." In February, Fiber left Louisville, Kentucky.

Verily focuses on healthcare and disease prevention research. One of its first projects was smart contact lenses that can monitor a wearers glucose levels, which has since been put on hold. Now, its focusing on identifying diseases and improving user experience for patients.

Calico launched in 2013 with an ambitious goal: "cure death." The Alphabet-owned company has invested millions to develop drugs that could help prolong human life by fighting age-related diseases like cancer or Alzheimers, and it has been collaborating with MITs Broad Institute to study aging.

GV is Alphabets early-stage venture arm. Formerly known as Google Ventures, GV has more than $4.5 billion under management and has invested in more than 400 companies, including Uber, Lime, and Slack.

Google Capital now known as CapitalG is Alphabets growth equity investment fund. Its mission is purely financial returns, but unlike GV, CapitalG focuses on later-stage startups. Some of its investments include Airbnb, Glassdoor, and Thumbtack.

The "think tank" division within Alphabet was spun off into a company called Jigsaw early in 2016. Led by Jared Cohen, Jigsaw uses technology to try to tackle geopolitical problems like online censorship, extremism, and harassment.

DeepMind focuses on artificial intelligence research. Acquired in 2014 for $500 million, DeepMind has focused on adding artificial intelligence throughout Google products, including search. The DeepMind AI can also teach itself how to play arcade games and can play board games against humans.

X is a secretive R&D lab, nicknamed Alphabets moonshot factory. Its led by Astro Teller.

Some X projects have become full-fledged companies. Project Loon, a former X "moonshot" that is now an independent business, has a mission to bring web access to two-thirds of the worlds population using internet-beaming hot air balloons.

Waymo, Alphabets self-driving car project, has labored for more than a decade to develop fully autonomous vehicles. While it began as a part of X, the self-driving car unit spun out into its own business in December 2016. Waymo partnered with Lyft on a self-driving ride service in the Phoenix area.

Makani, which develops airborne wind turbines, spun out from X in early 2019. It runs a test site in Hawaii.

Up next: Google itself.

All of Alphabets "traditional" products like Chrome, the Pixel phone, Google Home, and Google Play are still housed under Google, which is run by CEO Sundar Pichai.

Googles hardware division was formed in 2016 when Google hired former Motorola president Rick Osterloh. Osterloh was put in charge of Pixel phones, Google Home, Chromebooks, and revamping Google Glass. Google Nest also falls under his purview now. Osterloh reports directly to Pichai.

Google Cloud is Googles cloud-computing platform that competes with Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure. The division is a major source of investment for Google right now. Diane Greene ran Google Cloud from 2015 to 2018 she was replaced by former Oracle exec Thomas Kurian.

Google Cloud houses G Suite, which includes Hangouts Meet, Calendar, Mail, Plus, Cloud Search, and Drive. According to Google, millions of businesses are now using the service.

Chronicle is a former X project that became a standalone Alphabet business. Its plan was to machine learning to help security teams prevent threats, but in June, it was folded into Google Cloud.

Googles core product, web search, remains under the Google umbrella.

Google Maps is part of Googles core business and by 2016, had more than 1 billion monthly users.

Google AdSense lets publishers earn money from online content, placing ads on publishers webpages. Advertising drives the majority of revenue for Google.

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