A new Monsanto-backed company is on the verge of producing the first fruit made with a blockbuster gene-editing tool that could revolutionize agriculture

In a move aimed at securing its future, Monsanto has invested $125 million in a gene-editing startup called Pairwise.
The alliance could tee up Monsanto, long known for its controversial dealings with farmers and its role in popularizing genetically modified organisms, to introduce some of the first produce made using the blockbuster gene-editing tool Crispr.
In a call with Business Insider, the company hinted that strawberries or another type of fruit would be among the first Crispr produce to hit grocery-store shelves — a development it expects within five to 10 years.

In a move aimed at securing a place in the rapidly evolving food technology scene, the agricultural giant Monsanto has invested $125 million in a gene-editing startup called Pairwise.

The alliance could tee up Monsanto, long known for its controversial dealings with farmers and its role in popularizing genetically modified organisms, to introduce some of the first produce made using the blockbuster gene-editing tool Crispr. Sweeter strawberries with a longer shelf life could be among the earliest offerings.

The tool allows scientists to accurately target specific problem areas within the genome of a living thing, opening up the potential to tweak the DNA of everything from row crops like corn and soy to produce like apples and asparagus to make the produce taste sweeter, last longer on the shelf, and even tolerate drought or flooding.

Monsanto and Pairwise aim to get some of the first fruits and vegetables made with Crispr on grocery-store shelves within five to 10 years, Tom Adams, who previously served as Monsanto's vice president of global biotechnology but will leave the company to become the CEO of Pairwise, told Business Insider on Monday.

If successful, the move could help the company skirt the misinformation that has plagued previous gene-editing tools like GMOs.

Gene editing is the future of food

You're probably familiar with traditional genetic modification — the process of tweaking DNA to produce juicy watermelon or apples that don't brown. It's something farmers have been doing with slow and painstaking effort for centuries using tools like plant breeding.

Foods produced using genetic modification, also known as GMOs, have attracted criticism from many who see the process as unnatural and therefore potentially dangerous.

GMOs were also popularized by two companies with checkered pasts: Monsanto was among a handful of companies that produced Agent Orange, the herbicide used by the US military during the Vietnam War that has been linked to a higher risk of cancer and that Vietnam has blamed for sickening as many as 3 million people; DuPont was found liable of contaminating water supplies with cancer-causing chemicals at a spate of its Teflon plants.

But not only do the vast majority of scientists agree that GMOs are safe to eat, but genetically modified foods have played a significant role in addressing key problems facing the world. GMOs have helped farmers grow more food on less land, helped save cash crops like the Hawaiian papaya from pests and disease, and curbed global pesticide use.

The latest gene-editing tools are even better.

They're cheaper, more accurate, and, perhaps most important, not yet tinged with the public distrust that now colors GMOs. These tools include Crispr, the technique that Pairwise aims to use in fruits and vegetables to create products like sweeter strawberries with a longer shelf life.

"Gene editing allows you to address problems that you can't address with genetic modification and do so faster," Adams said, adding,

Crispr gets a green light

Scientists are already using Crispr to make crops, cows, and even pigs that are healthier, better equipped to handle heat and drought, and more resistant to pests and disease.

Where traditional breeding methods and GMOs hack away at a crop's genome with a dull blade, tools like Crispr slice and reshape with scalpel-like precision.

"Crispr is far and away technically more efficient and more effective at doing the kinds of things we want," Bob Reiter, Monsanto's global vice president of research and development strategy, told Business Insider.

Those things could include row crops like corn and soy that are less vulnerable to the increased drought and heat that will come with climate change or fruits and vegetables with more intense flavor or a longer shelf life, Baker said.

It is partially because of Crispr's accuracy that the US Department of Agriculture has chosen not to regulate close to a dozen crops edited with Crispr as GMOs. Instead, the crops have essentially been given a green light, meaning companies can move ahead with development and move them closer to our dinner plates.

Earlier this year, DuPont told Business Insider that it aimed to release the first product made using ingredients from Crispr corn within as few as four years. But Pairwise's fruit could be the first Crispr produce.

Baker said they aim to see it in grocery stores before 2028.